Hydrothermal synthesis of tetragonal BaTiO3 nanotube arrays with high dielectric performance.

Hydrothermal synthesis of tetragonal BaTiO3 nanotube arrays with high dielectric performance.

Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology (2014-04-18)

Liming Wang, Xiangyun Deng, Jianbao Li, Xinxing Liao, Guoqing Zhang, Chunpeng Wang, Kuifan Su

ABSTRACT

Tetragonal Barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanotube arrays have been prepared using the template-assisted hydrothermal method combined with an annealing process. The in-situ chemical conversion of TiO2 nanotube array templates ensured that BaTiO3 maintained the morphology of the nanotube architectures. Moreover, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrum characterization were used to confirm that the BaTiO3 nanotube arrays had a tetragonal phase after the use of a simple annealing technique. Typical hysteresis loops showed their ferroelectricity, with the remanent polarization and coercive fields being 2.57 microC/cm2 and 2.52 kV/cm, respectively. The relative dielectric constant of the tetragonal BaTiO3 nanotube arrays reached up to 1000 and the dielectric loss was as low as 0.02 at 1 kHz at room temperature.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

433667

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

268496

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, powder, −100 mesh, 99.7% trace metals basis

268526

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, sponge, 1-20 mm, 99.5% trace metals basis

348813

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

348856

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, wire, diam. 2.0 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

513415

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, nanoparticles, dispersion, <100 nm particle size, in mineral oil, 98.5% trace metals basis

IRMM531A

Titanium, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.1 mm foil

347132

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, rod, diam. 6.35 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

267481

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

366994

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, powder, <45 μm avg. part. size, 99.98% trace metals basis

266019

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, wire, diam. 0.127 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

460397

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 0.127 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

348805

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

348864

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

749044

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, sputtering target, diam. × thickness 3.00 in. × 0.125 in., 99.995% trace metals basis

767506

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, sputtering target, diam. × thickness 2.00 in. × 0.25 in., 99.995% trace metals basis

267503

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

IRMM531C

Titanium, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.5 mm wire

305812

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, 5-10 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis (purity exclusive of Na and K content)

342939

Sigma-Aldrich

Barium titanate(IV), pieces, 3-12 mm, 99.8% trace metals basis

348848

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

256552

Sigma-Aldrich

Barium titanate(IV), powder, 99.995% trace metals basis

338842

Sigma-Aldrich

Barium titanate(IV), powder, <2 μm, 99.5% trace metals basis

467634

Sigma-Aldrich

Barium titanate(IV), nanopowder (cubic crystalline phase), <100 nm particle size (BET), ≥99% trace metals basis

267902

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, wire, diam. 0.81 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

266035

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

369489

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 2.0 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

745952

Sigma-Aldrich

Barium titanate(IV), nanopowder (cubic), 50 nm (SEM), 99.9% trace metals basis

460400

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, wire, diam. 0.25 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

348791

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium, foil, thickness 0.127 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis