Degradation of sulphamethazine by means of an improved photo-Fenton process involving a hydrogen peroxide systematic dosage.

Degradation of sulphamethazine by means of an improved photo-Fenton process involving a hydrogen peroxide systematic dosage.

Environmental technology (2014-06-25)

Evelyn Yamal-Turbay, Lydia Pérez González, Moisès Graells, Montserrat Pérez-Moya

ABSTRACT

Despite being acknowledged as an emerging contaminant, sulphamethazine (SMT) degradation has received scarce attention in the advanced oxidation processes field. Thus, this work addresses the degradation of SMT in water solutions (12 L of 25mgL-1 samples) by means of a photo-Fenton process and a systematic H202 dosage protocol that enhances its performance. A conventional photo-Fenton process led to 86% mineralization after 120 min treatment when adding the Fenton reactants at once (initial concentrations were 10mgL-1 Fe(II) and 200mgL-1 H2O2). Conversely, the process achieved the total mineralization of the samples in less than 75 min when the same amount of H202 was continuously dosed according to a conveniently tuned dosage protocol. In both cases, total SMT degradation was achieved within 10 min. Hence, this work's aim is to determine the efficient dosage conditions of H2O2. The results show that a significant improvement of the photo-Fenton mineralization of SMT solutions is possible by adjusting the dosage of H2O2.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

IRMM524B

Iron, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.5 mm wire

46802

Supelco

Sulfamethazine, VETRANAL^®, analytical standard

88597

Millipore

Hydrogen peroxide solution, 3%, suitable for microbiology

267945

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, chips, 99.98% trace metals basis

356808

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

S6256

Sigma-Aldrich

Sulfamethazine, 99.0-101.0% (on dried basis)

44890

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, puriss. p.a., carbonyl-Iron powder, low in magnesium and manganese compounds, ≥99.5% (RT)

GF62438520

Iron, rod, 200mm, diameter 25mm, as drawn, 98+%

GF90625181

Iron, rod, 1000mm, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF01160143

Iron, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 2.0mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF60615503

Iron, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF45140925

Iron, rod, 50mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF60679862

Iron, rod, 500mm, diameter 6.35mm, as drawn, 98+%

GF16200032

Iron, rod, 100mm, diameter 10.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF08067214

Iron, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 2.0mm, as rolled, armco« soft ingot 99.8%

GF42616076

Iron, rod, 100mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF30262812

Iron, rod, 500mm, diameter 25mm, as drawn, 98+%

GF15174255

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 10.6mm, inside diameter 10.0mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, as drawn, 99.8+%

GF88927543

Iron, rod, 1000mm, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF61432523

Iron, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.002mm, 99.85%

GF26423737

Iron, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.9mm, as rolled, 99.5%

GF48235013

Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.6mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF33764979

Iron, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 9.5mm, wall thickness 1.6mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF50403440

Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 12.0mm, inside diameter 10mm, wall thickness 1.0mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF08124544

Iron, foil, not light tested, 300x300mm, thickness 0.05mm, hard, 99.5%

GF89451737

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 25.0mm, inside diameter 21mm, wall thickness 2mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF95735571

Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 8.0mm, inside diameter 5mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF67037766

Iron, rod, 100mm, diameter 50mm, as drawn, 98+%

GF55621795

Iron, rod, 200mm, diameter 50mm, as drawn, 98+%

GF97078281

Iron, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.65mm, inside diameter 0.89mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, as drawn, 99.8+%