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[A WHO concept- patient blood management].

[A WHO concept- patient blood management].

Praxis (2014-10-12)

Oliver M Theusinger

ABSTRACT

Blood transfusions are in general considered as lifesaving. Current data and evidence show, that blood transfusions are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and this apparently dose-dependent. Basic research and results from randomized controlled trials show a causal relationship between blood transfusion and adverse outcome. Based on the current state of knowledge it has to be questioned that blood transfusions are "life-saving" as patients are exposed to an increased risk of disease or death. Furthermore, blood transfusions are more costly than previously assumed. For these reasons novel approaches in the treatment of anemia and bleeding are needed. Patient Blood Management (PBM) allows reduction of transfusion rates by correcting anemia by stimulating erythropoiesis, minimizing perioperative blood loss and optimizing the physiological tolerance of anemia. In 2010 the World Health Organization has claimed PBM to be considered as golden standard. PBM reduces morbidity and mortality by lowering the excessive use of blood transfusions. This concept has partially and successfully been implemented in the University Hospital Balgrist in Zurich.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, puriss. p.a., carbonyl-Iron powder, low in magnesium and manganese compounds, ≥99.5% (RT)

Iron, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.5 mm wire

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, powder, −325 mesh, 97%

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, chips, 99.98% trace metals basis

Iron, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Iron, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.998%

Iron, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%

Iron, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Iron, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%

Iron, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95%

Iron, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.998%

Iron, rod, 500mm, diameter 12.7mm, as drawn, 99.95%

Iron, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 2mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 4.0mm, inside diameter 3.6mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Iron, rod, 200mm, diameter 25mm, as drawn, 98+%

Iron, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 8.0mm, inside diameter 5mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, annealed, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 300x300mm, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 300x300mm, thickness 2.0mm, as rolled, armco« soft ingot 99.8%

Iron, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Iron, foil, 300x300mm, thickness 0.15mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

Iron, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.125mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.005mm, 99.85%

Iron, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 3.18mm, inside diameter 1.96mm, wall thickness 0.61mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4.5mm, wall thickness 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.5%

Iron, wire reel, 20m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

Iron, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, wire reel, 250m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.5%

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 6.35mm, inside diameter 5.35mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.8%