Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

267546

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF04286202

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.025mm, clean, 99.95%

GF39616724

Tungsten, mesh, 50x50mm, nominal aperture 0.2mm, wire diameter 0.05mm, 100 wires/inch, open area 64%, plain weave mesh, 99.95%

GF60294450

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.035mm, clean, 99.95%

GF81654655

Tungsten, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.05mm, insulation thickness 0.008mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF07154939

Tungsten, lump, 100g, max. size 5mm

GF57734860

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.2mm, clean, 99.95%

GF73661575

Tungsten, insulated wire, 2m, conductor diameter 0.05mm, insulation thickness 0.008mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF14483088

Tungsten, insulated wire, 0.2m, conductor diameter 0.015mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF10493478

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.38mm, clean, 99.95%

GF46434281

Tungsten, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.025mm, clean, 99.95%

GF41112076

Tungsten, wire, straight, 100mm, diameter 0.5mm, 99.9+%

GF57394974

Tungsten, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.03mm, platinum plated, 99.95%

GF22953012

Tungsten, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.004mm, hard, clean, 99.95%

GF79841234

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.15mm, clean, 99.95%

GF28186072

Tungsten, foil, light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.05mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF24063342

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 1.6mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF89779718

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF59032481

Tungsten, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.0125mm, insulation thickness 0.0035mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF85971268

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF37265429

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.15mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF67192544

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.02mm, coil width .1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF31462163

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF53796459

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF07491876

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF17364191

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.08mm, coil width .9mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74075452

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF13027384

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF31722263

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width .51mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF86869153

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.10mm, coil width .9mm, as rolled, 99.95%