Biological performance of tantalum.

Biological performance of tantalum.

Clinical materials (1993-12-09)

J Black

ABSTRACT

A detailed literature search was carried out to define the current knowledge about the biological performance of tantalum. The pure metal appears, to a great degree, to be inert both in vivo and in vitro. Both the pure metal and its principle oxide possess low solubility and toxicity; however, halide compounds are more biologically active. Local host response is benign, characterized by vital encapsulation in soft tissue and frequent osteointegration, reminiscent of titanium, in hard tissue. Tantalum has been in clinical use since before 1940 and has found a wide range of diagnostic and implant applications, with apparently overall excellent results. In some applications, such as for radiographic bone markers and cranial closure, tantalum may well be the current material of choice. In summary, metallic tantalum is a promising biomaterial whose applications have been limited by technical rather than biological performance considerations.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

692824

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, powder, 60-100 mesh, 99.9%

357243

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, foil, thickness 0.05 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

262846

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, powder, −325 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis

GF93990628

Tantalum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.80mm, inside diameter 0.50mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF71338990

Tantalum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.02mm, inside diameter 0.86mm, wall thickness 0.08mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF27305603

Tantalum, wire reel, 2m, diameter 1.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF84835110

Tantalum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4.4mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF55030902

Tantalum, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF55367185

Tantalum, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF98838444

Tantalum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 1.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF34465888

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.034mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF63886270

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.15mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF76534500

Tantalum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.100mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF07210347

Tantalum, foil, 10m coil, thickness 0.025mm, coil width 0.75mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF66812564

Tantalum, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.100mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF37993528

Tantalum, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF61705896

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.03mm, coil width 0.75mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF84482387

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF96822760

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.0075mm, 99.9%

GF13139164

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 4.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF86596677

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .62mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF44270096

Tantalum, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.03mm, coil width 1.2mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF87216059

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.99%

GF20898625

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF71666613

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 3.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF50036510

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 5.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF32441543

Tantalum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.99%

GF14474976

Tantalum, foil, 0.1m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .62mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF49190249

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF11174587

Tantalum, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.0075mm, 99.9%