Molybdenum enzymes and molybdenum cofactor in mycobacteria.

Molybdenum enzymes and molybdenum cofactor in mycobacteria.

Journal of cellular biochemistry (2011-06-17)

Tingyu Shi, Jianping Xie

ABSTRACT

When intracelluar pathogens enter the host macrophages where in addition to oxidative and antibiotic mechanisms of antimicrobial activity, nutrients are deprived. Human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of macrophage parasitisms, which can replicate and persist for decades in dormancy state in virulent environments. It is very successful in escaping the killing mechanisms of macrophage. Molybdenum (Mo) enzymes involve in the global carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen cycles by catalyzing important redox reactions. There are several Mo enzymes in mycobacteria and they exert several important physiological functions, such as dormancy regulation, the metabolism of energy sources, and nitrogen source. Pterin-based Mo cofactor (Moco) is the common cofactor of the Mo enzymes in mycobacteria but the cofactor biosynthesis is nearly an untapped area. The present article discusses the physiological function of Mo enzymes and the structural feature of the genes coding for Moco biosynthesis enzymes in mycobacteria.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

577987

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, nanopowder, <100 nm particle size (TEM), 99.8% trace metals basis

510092

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, 1-5 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

357200

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

203823

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, <150 μm, 99.99% trace metals basis

366986

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, 10 μm, ≥99.95% trace metals basis

266892

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, <150 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

GF38763388

Molybdenum, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.1mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF43534379

Molybdenum, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.20mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF13141572

Molybdenum, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF70653999

Molybdenum, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.020mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF17537812

Molybdenum, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.007mm, 99.9%

GF35688752

Molybdenum, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.05mm, annealed, 99.95%

GF38214187

Molybdenum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, 99.9%

GF69235926

Molybdenum, rod, 500mm, diameter 2.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF94718199

Molybdenum, rod, 200mm, diameter 5.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF24009128

Molybdenum, rod, 100mm, diameter 3.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF85590782

Molybdenum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 6.0mm, inside diameter 5.6mm, wall thickness 0.20mm, 99.9%

GF41425242

Molybdenum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 6.0mm, inside diameter 5.6mm, wall thickness 0.20mm, 99.9%

GF73901392

Molybdenum, rod, 50mm, diameter 5.0mm, 99.98%

GF78945665

Molybdenum, tube, 50mm, outside diameter 3.15mm, inside diameter 2.39mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, 99.9%

GF33636753

Molybdenum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 3.15mm, inside diameter 2.39mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, 99.9%

GF17021393

Molybdenum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.15mm, inside diameter 2.39mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, 99.9%

GF62073299

Molybdenum, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.9%

GF31997289

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 29x500mm, thickness 0.0712mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF56726499

Molybdenum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, 99.9%

GF02780951

Molybdenum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.7mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, 99.9%

GF27269635

Molybdenum, rod, 50mm, diameter 25mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF62673846

Molybdenum, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.006mm, 99.9%

GF59947363

Molybdenum, rod, 50mm, diameter 20.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF99660437

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 29x600mm, thickness 0.0712mm, annealed, 99.9%