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  • Induction of endometrial epithelial cell invasion and c-fms expression by transforming growth factor beta.

Induction of endometrial epithelial cell invasion and c-fms expression by transforming growth factor beta.

Molecular human reproduction (2009-06-10)
Ya-Guang Liu, Rajeshwar R Tekmal, Peter A Binkley, Hareesh B Nair, Robert S Schenken, Nameer B Kirma
ABSTRACT

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) levels are increased in the peritoneal fluid of endometriosis patients, and endometrial cells express TGF-beta signaling components; however, little is known regarding the role of TGF-beta in endometriosis. Our objective was to examine the effects of TGF-beta1 on (i) the expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor encoded by the c-fms gene, (ii) transmesothelial invasiveness of endometrial cells, (iii) cellular proliferation and (iv) attachment to peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs). Effects of TGF-beta1 on c-fms mRNA expression were determined by real-time RT-PCR and c-fms cell-surface expression by flow cytometry. Effects of TGF-beta1 on the invasiveness of the immortalized endometrial epithelial cell (EEC) line EM42 and primary EECs were examined using a three-dimensional in vitro system modeling the peritoneum. Cellular proliferation and attachment to PMCs were also examined using established techniques. TGF-beta1 had little or no effect on cellular proliferation and endometrial cell attachment to PMCs. TGF-beta1 significantly induced the expression of c-fms mRNA and c-fms cell-surface expression. TGF-beta1 enhanced transmesothelial invasion by EM42 cells and EECs. Antagonists of TGF-beta1 signaling significantly inhibited both the induction of c-fms expression and cellular invasiveness, suggesting that additional studies are warranted to assess the therapeutic potential of TGF-beta antagonists in endometriosis.

MATERIALS
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Medium 199, With Earle′s salts and L-glutamine, without sodium bicarbonate, powder, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, With Hanks′ salts and L-glutamine, without sodium bicarbonate, powder, suitable for cell culture
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Medium 199, HEPES Modification, with Earle′s salts, L-glutamine and 25 mM HEPES, without sodium bicarbonate, powder, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, With Hanks′ salts and sodium bicarbonate, without L-glutamine, liquid, sterile-filtered, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, 10 ×, With Hanks′ salts, without L-glutamine and sodium bicarbonate, liquid, sterile-filtered, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, With Earle′s salts and sodium bicarbonate, without L-glutamine, liquid, sterile-filtered, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, HEPES Modification, with Earle′s salts, 25 mM HEPES and sodium bicarbonate, without L-glutamine, liquid, sterile-filtered, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
MCDB 131 Medium, With trace elements and L-glutamine, without sodium bicarbonate, powder, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, 10 ×, With Earle′s salts, without L-glutamine and sodium bicarbonate, liquid, sterile-filtered, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, Modified, with Earle′s salts, without L-glutamine, sodium bicarbonate, and phenol red, powder, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
Medium 199, With Earle′s salts, L-glutamine and sodium bicarbonate, liquid, sterile-filtered, suitable for cell culture