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Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells to spinal motor neurons.

Current protocols in stem cell biology (2008-09-05)
Hynek Wichterle, Mirza Peljto
ABSTRAKT

Controlled differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells into clinically relevant cell types is a fundamental goal of stem cell research. This unit describes one of the most efficient protocols for conversion of mouse ES cells into a defined type of nerve cells, the spinal motor neurons. ES cells are separated from feeder mouse embryonic fibroblasts and aggregated to form embryoid bodies (EBs). Two days after the withdrawal of growth factors, EBs reach a stage at which they are responsive to patterning signals and can be effectively induced with retinoic acid (RA) to differentiate into spinal nerve cells. Nascent neural cells become responsive to the ventralizing signal sonic hedgehog (Hh) that controls expression of ventral spinal progenitor markers and initiates the genetic program of motor neuron differentiation.

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Sigma-Aldrich
Anti-Sox2 Antibody, Chemicon®, from rabbit
Sigma-Aldrich
ESGRO® Recombinant Mouse LIF Protein, ESGRO Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) supplement for mouse ES cell culture. Each vial contains 10^7 units/ml.
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Purmorphamine, A cell-permeable activator of Hedgehog signaling that induces osteoblast differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells C3H10T1/2 (EC₅₀ = 1 µM).