Chlorella sorokiniana-Induced Activation and Maturation of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells through NF-κB and PI3K/MAPK Pathways.

Chlorella sorokiniana-Induced Activation and Maturation of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells through NF-κB and PI3K/MAPK Pathways.

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM (2013-01-11)

Nien-Tzu Chou, Chieh-Fang Cheng, Hsin-Chieh Wu, Chin-Pen Lai, Li-Tsen Lin, I-Horng Pan, Ching-Huai Ko

ABSTRACT

Chlorella sorokiniana (CS) is a unicellular green alga. The extracts of Chlorella have been used as treatments for relieving hypertension and modulating immune response. The detailed mechanisms are not clear yet. In this study, we sought to study the molecular mechanisms for the polysaccharide fraction of CS-induced immune response. We pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) with CS and found that CS could maturate DCs. CS-maturated DC could activate naïve T cells and stimulate T-cell proliferation and IFN-γ secretion. Furthermore, CS activated PI3K and MAPKs signaling pathways in DCs by interacting with TLR4 receptor. These CS-activated signaling pathways could further activate NF-κB and induce IL-12 production in DCs. This study provides molecular mechanisms for CS-induced DCs activation and immune response.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

L8274

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O26:B6, ≥10,000 EU/mg, purified by phenol extraction

L2515

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus, bacterial cell wall polymer

420119

Sigma-Aldrich

JNK Inhibitor II, JNK Inhibitor II. SP600125, CAS 129-56-6, is a potent, cell-permeable, selective, and ATP competitive inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK; IC₅₀ = 40 nM for JNK-1 & JNK-2 & 90 nM for JNK-3).

513000

Sigma-Aldrich

PD 98059, PD 98059, CAS 167869-21-8, is a cell-permeable, selective & reversible inhibitor of MAP Kinase Kinase (MEK). Inhibits MAP Kinase activation and subsequent phosphorylation of MAP Kinase substrates.

559389

Sigma-Aldrich

SB 203580, SB 203580, CAS 152121-47-6, is a highly specific, potent, cell-permeable, selective, reversible, and ATP-competitive inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase (IC₅₀ = 34 nM in vitro, 600 nM in cells).