Understanding platinum-induced ototoxicity.

Understanding platinum-induced ototoxicity.

Trends in pharmacological sciences (2013-06-19)

Thorsten Langer, Antoinette am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen, Susanne Radtke, Johannes Meitert, Oliver Zolk

ABSTRACT

Childhood cancer survival rates are now nearly 80% in more developed European countries because of improved therapies and better supportive care. Platinum chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin and carboplatin, are the cornerstone of many effective therapeutic protocols for childhood cancer. However, the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin and carboplatin comes at the cost of ototoxicity, which affects at least 60% of pediatric patients. Although ototoxicity is not life threatening, it can have debilitating effects on patients' quality of life. Recently, many initiatives have been launched with the ultimate goal of reducing cisplatin and high-dose carboplatin ototoxicity without compromising antitumor efficacy. This review addresses the incidence of platinum ototoxicity and its clinical presentation, time course, and early diagnostic evaluation. Genetic and non-genetic risk factors for platinum-associated ototoxicity, and their predictive value, are discussed. Recent developments in the prevention of platinum ototoxicity are also summarized.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

444685

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 2.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

357375

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 0.076 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

349348

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.127 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

349380

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

349321

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

349402

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 0.25 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

520780

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum black, fuel cell grade, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

267244

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

205915

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum black, black, powder, ≤20 μm, ≥99.95% trace metals basis

267821

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 0.127 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

298093

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, gauze, 100 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis

520799

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum black, low bulk density, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

327484

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, shot, ≤3 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF58265488

Platinum, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.004mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF57762399

Platinum, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.005mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF19578831

Platinum, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 0.20mm, annealed, may be used as one component of a thermocouple, 99.99%

GF51572572

Platinum, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.05mm, insulation thickness 0.009mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation, 99.99%

GF92036235

Platinum, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF09436619

Platinum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.95mm, inside diameter 0.60mm, wall thickness 0.175mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF06396532

Platinum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF01692952

Platinum, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.998%

GF15342016

Platinum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.2mm, inside diameter 1.0mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF32664113

Platinum, insulated wire, 2m, conductor diameter 0.05mm, insulation thickness 0.0075mm, polyester insulation, 99.99%

GF88232542

Platinum, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF09598809

Platinum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.025mm, coil width .4mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF47974056

Platinum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.5mm, inside diameter 0.42mm, wall thickness 0.04mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF87499906

Platinum, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.004mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF99566410

Platinum, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF52591462

Platinum, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.0075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF17993368

Platinum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%