Efficacy and safety of 0.1% lodoxamide for the long-term treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.

To report the therapeutic efficacy and safety of topical 0.1% lodoxamide in the long-term treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Sixty-seven eyes of 34 patients with active SLK were studied. Therapeutic response was analyzed according to modified-Ohashi parameters. All eyes were treated with 0.1% lodoxamide twice daily, and those with moderate or severe inflammation received a short course (7-14 days) of 0.1% fluorometholone acetate at presentation and during a relapse. Patients were evaluated at regular intervals and followed up for ≥3 months on continuous therapy. Primary endpoints included inflammatory response; rates of inflammatory control and remission; relapses while on therapy or on remission; and therapeutic failure rate. The mean follow-up time on lodoxamide therapy was 15.3 months. The majority of eyes (82.0%) achieved control of inflammation in a mean time of 2.2 months. Of these, 42 (76.3%) eyes remained under control while on therapy for 13.8 months. There was a significant improvement of SLK-related signs by the third month on therapy (p < 0.05). A total of 24 (35.8%) eyes achieved remission. Relapses presented in 12 (18.0%) treated eyes and in 4 (16.6%) eyes on remission. Only 5 (7.4%) eyes failed to respond to therapy. In the majority of cases (95.3%), lodoxamide 0.1% was well tolerated and minor adverse effects not requiring stopping the medication were reported in only 4.7% of patients. Lodoxamide 0.1% is an efficacious therapeutic alternative for the treatment of active and chronic SLK. This medication has proved to be safe and well tolerated.