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Amyloid-β42/40 ratio drives tau pathology in 3D human neural cell culture models of Alzheimer's disease.

Nature communications (2020-03-15)
Sang Su Kwak, Kevin J Washicosky, Emma Brand, Djuna von Maydell, Jenna Aronson, Susan Kim, Diane E Capen, Murat Cetinbas, Ruslan Sadreyev, Shen Ning, Enjana Bylykbashi, Weiming Xia, Steven L Wagner, Se Hoon Choi, Rudolph E Tanzi, Doo Yeon Kim
RESUMEN

The relationship between amyloid-β (Aβ) species and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not fully understood. Here, we provide direct evidence that Aβ42/40 ratio, not total Aβ level, plays a critical role in inducing neurofibrillary tangles (NTFs) in human neurons. Using 3D-differentiated clonal human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) expressing varying levels of amyloid β precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 (PS1) with AD mutations, we show that pathogenic tau accumulation and aggregation are tightly correlated with Aβ42/40 ratio. Roles of Aβ42/40 ratio on tau pathology are also confirmed with APP transmembrane domain (TMD) mutant hNPCs, which display differential Aβ42/40 ratios without mutant PS1. Moreover, naïve hNPCs co-cultured with APP TMD I45F (high Aβ42/40) cells, not with I47F cells (low Aβ42/40), develop robust tau pathology in a 3D non-cell autonomous cell culture system. These results emphasize the importance of reducing the Aβ42/40 ratio in AD therapy.

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