47671

Formamide

BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (T)

• Synonym(s): Amide C₁, Formic amide
• Linear Formula: HCONH₂
• CAS Number: 75-12-7
• Molecular Weight: 45.04
• Beilstein: 505995
• EC Number: 200-842-0
• MDL number: MFCD00007941
• UNSPSC Code: 12352111
• PubChem Substance ID: 57651075
• NACRES: NA.25

Properties

• grade: for molecular biology
• vapor density: 1.55 (vs air)
• vapor pressure: 0.08 mmHg ( 20 °C); 30 mmHg ( 129 °C)
• product line: BioUltra
• Assay: ≥99.5% (T)
• form: liquid
• autoignition temp.: 932 °F
• technique(s): FISH: suitable; hybridization: suitable; protein extraction: suitable
• impurities: DNases, none detected; RNases, none detected; insoluble matter, passes filter test; phosphatases, none detected; proteases, none detected
• ign. residue: ≤0.1%
• refractive index: n20/D 1.447 (lit.); n20/D 1.447
• pH: 7-9 (25 °C, 1 M in H₂O)
• bp: 210 °C (lit.)
• mp: 2-3 °C (lit.)
• solubility: H₂O: 10 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
• density: 1.134 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
• anion traces: chloride (Cl^-): ≤1 mg/kg; sulfate (SO₄^2-): ≤10 mg/kg
• cation traces: Ag: ≤5 mg/kg; Al: ≤1 mg/kg; As: ≤0.1 mg/kg; Ba: ≤1 mg/kg; Bi: ≤1 mg/kg; Ca: ≤5 mg/kg; Cd: ≤1 mg/kg; Co: ≤1 mg/kg; Cr: ≤1 mg/kg; Cu: ≤1 mg/kg; Fe: ≤1 mg/kg; K: ≤20 mg/kg; Li: ≤1 mg/kg; Mg: ≤1 mg/kg; Mn: ≤1 mg/kg; Mo: ≤1 mg/kg; NH₄⁺: ≤1000 mg/kg; Na: ≤20 mg/kg; Ni: ≤1 mg/kg; Pb: ≤1 mg/kg; Sr: ≤1 mg/kg; Tl: ≤5 mg/kg; Zn: ≤1 mg/kg
• SMILES string: NC=O
• λ: 10 M in H₂O
• UV absorption: λ: 260 nm A_max: ≤0.4; λ: 280 nm A_max: ≤0.1
• application(s): genomic analysis
• InChI: 1S/CH3NO/c2-1-3/h1H,(H2,2,3)
• InChI key: ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Description

General description

Formamide, also referred to as Carbamaldehyde, is an amide compound derived from formic acid. It plays a crucial role in biochemical research, particularly in denaturation and renaturation of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA). This includes applications like hybridization, sequencing gel electrophoresis, and electron microscopy. In molecular biology, BioUltra Formamide finds extensive use in various applications such as nucleic acid hybridization buffers, genetic fingerprinting, Southern and Northern blotting, as well as YAC screening. It typically functions by lowering the melting temperature of nucleic acid hybrids, facilitating their manipulation, and can enhance denaturation conditions in sequencing gels for more robust results.

Application

Formamide has been used:

• as a component in the hybridization buffer for in situ hybridization as a component of solution X to wash the slides to remove the coverslips
• in the preparation of denaturation solution for spectral karyotyping (SKY) analysis
• in the preparation of 1% formaldehyde solution for the pretreatment of slides for comparative genomic hybridization (CGH)
• to prepare pre-hybridization buffer I, II, III, IV, and hybridization buffer I, II, and III for RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH)
• as an ionizing solvent in the production of formic esters and vitamin, a softener for paper, in animal glues, and water-soluble gums, in molecular biology as a denaturing agent

Formamide destabilizes nucleic acid duplexes and may be used, typically, at a concentration of 50%, in hybridization protocols requiring lower hybridization temperatures.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Formamide serves as a good solvent for polar organic and inorganic compounds with potential catalytic activity in prebiotic processes due to its high dielectric constant.

Features and Benefits

• Versatile and adaptable for a wide variety of laboratory and research applications
• BioUltra Grade for your Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemical research
• Tested to confirm low levels of heavy metal contamination, ensuring suitability for various applications
• Free from DNase, RNase, NICKase and proteaseTested for trace levels of Anions and Cations

Other Notes

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For the preparation of formamide denaturing polyacrylamide gels; In situ hybridization on human chromosomes

Safety Information

• Pictograms: GHS08
• Signal Word: Danger
• Hazard Statements: H351,H360D,H373
• Precautionary Statements: P202 - P260 - P280 - P308 + P313 - P405 - P501
• Hazard Classifications: Carc. 2 - Repr. 1B - STOT RE 2 Oral
• Target Organs: Blood
• Storage Class Code: 6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects
• WGK: WGK 1
• Flash Point(F): 305.6 °F
• Flash Point(C): 152 °C
• Personal Protective Equipment: dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves