Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

510106

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder (monocrystalline), 0.6-1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

267511

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder, 12 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267546

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF36484229

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF07832729

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.6mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF18740550

Tungsten, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.035mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF19334156

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF20592604

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF53796459

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF68135025

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.6mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF01998243

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.035mm, coil width .75mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF99287061

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF04494607

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.076mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF85971268

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF88307309

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.025mm, coil width .7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF67192544

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.02mm, coil width .1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF31462163

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF13618155

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.035mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF07491876

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF17364191

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.08mm, coil width .9mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF42014078

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.6mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF37965943

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.3mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF09054053

Tungsten, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.6mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74075452

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF59431451

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF66018999

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF87565135

Tungsten, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF52573079

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF99068305

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.02mm, coil width .1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF28612302

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.02mm, coil width .5mm, as rolled, 99.95%