Understanding platinum-induced ototoxicity.

Understanding platinum-induced ototoxicity.

Trends in pharmacological sciences (2013-06-19)

Thorsten Langer, Antoinette am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen, Susanne Radtke, Johannes Meitert, Oliver Zolk

ABSTRACT

Childhood cancer survival rates are now nearly 80% in more developed European countries because of improved therapies and better supportive care. Platinum chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin and carboplatin, are the cornerstone of many effective therapeutic protocols for childhood cancer. However, the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin and carboplatin comes at the cost of ototoxicity, which affects at least 60% of pediatric patients. Although ototoxicity is not life threatening, it can have debilitating effects on patients' quality of life. Recently, many initiatives have been launched with the ultimate goal of reducing cisplatin and high-dose carboplatin ototoxicity without compromising antitumor efficacy. This review addresses the incidence of platinum ototoxicity and its clinical presentation, time course, and early diagnostic evaluation. Genetic and non-genetic risk factors for platinum-associated ototoxicity, and their predictive value, are discussed. Recent developments in the prevention of platinum ototoxicity are also summarized.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

444685

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 2.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

349321

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

349380

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

349348

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.127 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

205915

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum black, black, powder, ≤20 μm, ≥99.95% trace metals basis

357375

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 0.076 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

520780

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum black, fuel cell grade, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

298093

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, gauze, 100 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis

267821

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 0.127 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

520799

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum black, low bulk density, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

267244

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

327484

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, shot, ≤3 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

349402

Sigma-Aldrich

Platinum, wire, diam. 0.25 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

GF49812510

Platinum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 2.8mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF91208909

Platinum, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.1μm, specific density 120μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF72819715

Platinum, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF71546429

Platinum, rod, 25mm, diameter 1.0mm, 99.95%

GF87686173

Platinum, foil, 30x30mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF78892981

Platinum, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 0.8mm, annealed, may be used as one component of a thermocouple, 99.99%

GF21472141

Platinum, rod, 10mm, diameter 4.0mm, 99.95%

GF17993368

Platinum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF51572572

Platinum, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.05mm, insulation thickness 0.009mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation, 99.99%

GF09436619

Platinum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.95mm, inside diameter 0.60mm, wall thickness 0.175mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF43288487

Platinum, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 1.0mm, annealed, may be used as one component of a thermocouple, 99.99%

GF35428406

Platinum, foil, 15x15mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF55231118

Platinum, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF37488268

Platinum, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.004mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF63387108

Platinum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF93413493

Platinum, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.15mm, annealed, may be used as one component of a thermocouple, 99.99%

GF58198517

Platinum, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 0.6mm, as drawn, 99.99+%