Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)

Joseph Lemire, Vasu D Appanna

PMID22099161

ABSTRACT

Aluminum (Al) has been implicated in a variety of neurological diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms that enable Al to be involved in these disorders have yet to be fully delineated. Using astrocytes as a model of the cerebral cellular system, we have uncovered the biochemical networks that are affected by Al toxicity. In this review, we reveal how the inhibitory influence of Al on ATP production and on mitochondrial functions help generate globular astrocytes that are fat producing machines. These biological events may be the contributing factors to Al-triggered brain disorders.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

266574

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.45-0.55 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326852

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326860

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.13 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

IRMM523A

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.1 mm foil

338788

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-12 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

266957

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

GF70878976

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF25360354

Aluminum, rod, 50mm, diameter 30.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF44675781

Aluminum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%

GF76893889

Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.1μm, specific density 25.6μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%

GF20500197

Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.96mm, inside diameter 1.4mm, wall thickness 0.28mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF86830566

Aluminum, mesh, 600x600mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF04746472

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.42mm, inside diameter 1.166mm, wall thickness 0.127mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF31003456

Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF37288020

Aluminum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 6.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF64700524

Aluminum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF52964006

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.96mm, inside diameter 1.4mm, wall thickness 0.28mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF98449576

Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 10.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF53989497

Aluminum, microleaf disks, 10mm, thinness 0.5μm, specific density 120.6μg/cm², removable support, 99.999%

GF47667819

Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.0075μm, specific density 1.84μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%

GF38637850

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.62mm, wall thickness 0.69mm, hard, 99.5%

GF90679191

Aluminum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 12.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF54777460

Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 50mm, thinness 0.0075μm, specific density 1.84μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%

GF28367860

Aluminum, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.1mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyimide insulation, 99.95+%

GF02018236

Aluminum, rod, 50mm, diameter 20.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF71694939

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF35425009

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.30mm, inside diameter 0.2mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF09240858

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF87115271

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.125mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF59425476

Aluminum, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.5%