Bio-palladium: from metal recovery to catalytic applications.

Bio-palladium: from metal recovery to catalytic applications.

Microbial biotechnology (2011-05-11)

Simon De Corte, Tom Hennebel, Bart De Gusseme, Willy Verstraete, Nico Boon

ABSTRACT

While precious metals are available to a very limited extent, there is an increasing demand to use them as catalyst. This is also true for palladium (Pd) catalysts and their sustainable recycling and production are required. Since Pd catalysts exist nowadays mostly under the form of nanoparticles, these particles need to be produced in an environment-friendly way. Biological synthesis of Pd nanoparticles ('bio-Pd') is an innovative method for both metal recovery and nanocatalyst synthesis. This review will discuss the different bio-Pd precipitating microorganisms, the applications of the catalyst (both for environmental purposes and in organic chemistry) and the state of the art of the reactors based on the bio-Pd concept. In addition, some main challenges are discussed, which need to be overcome in order to create a sustainable nanocatalyst. Finally, some outlooks for bio-Pd in environmental technology are presented.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

287474

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

348643

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

348678

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

203998

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder or granules, 99.99% trace metals basis

326666

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

267112

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267120

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267082

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

373206

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

348694

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

464651

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <75 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

686468

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

203939

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, 99.995% trace metals basis

GF69074916

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.00075mm, permanent polyester support, 99.75%

GF55245821

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF60234533

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF90427866

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF23374661

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.50mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF60084424

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF44874995

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.047mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF94632576

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74894136

Palladium, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF06323295

Palladium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.02mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF25956917

Palladium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF36099311

Palladium, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.95%

GF81435146

Palladium, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, 99.95%

GF73152648

Palladium, rod, 10mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%

GF99483351

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.008mm, 99.95%

GF11001564

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.05μm, specific density 63.6μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF39094904

Palladium, tube, 50mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.8mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, as drawn, 99.95%