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  • Hyaluronate-gold nanoparticle/tocilizumab complex for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Hyaluronate-gold nanoparticle/tocilizumab complex for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

ACS nano (2014-04-16)
Hwiwon Lee, Min-Young Lee, Suk Ho Bhang, Byung-Soo Kim, Yun Seop Kim, Ji Hyeon Ju, Ki Su Kim, Sei Kwang Hahn
ABSTRACT

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory immune disease causing the inflammation of synovial membrane and the articular cartilage destruction. In this work, hyaluronate-gold nanoparticle/Tocilizumab (HA-AuNP/TCZ) complex was prepared for the treatment of RA. AuNP was used as a drug carrier with antiangiogenic effect. TCZ is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor and used as an immunosuppressive drug by interfering IL-6 in the pathogenesis of RA. HA is known to have cartilage-protective and lubricant effects. HA was modified with cystamine via reductive amination, which was reduced with dithiothreitol (DTT) to prepare end-group thiolated HA (HA-SH). AuNP was chemically modified with HA-SH and physically modified with TCZ. The formation of HA-AuNP/TCZ complex was corroborated by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The therapeutic effect of HA-AuNP/TCZ complex on RA was confirmed in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model mice by ELISA, histological, and Western blot analyses.

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Citrate Concentrated Solution, BioUltra, for molecular biology, 1 M in H2O
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Sodium cyanoborohydride solution, 5.0 M in 1 M NaOH
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Sodium cyanoborohydride solution, 1.0 M in THF
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Sodium cyanoborohydride, reagent grade, 95%
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Citrate Concentrated Solution, BioReagent, suitable for coagulation assays, 4 % (w/v)
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Sodium Citrate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
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Cystamine dihydrochloride, BioXtra
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Cystamine dihydrochloride, 96%
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Cystamine dihydrochloride, purum, ≥98.0% (AT)
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