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Lead-free halide perovskite solar cells with high photocurrents realized through vacancy modulation.

Lead-free halide perovskite solar cells with high photocurrents realized through vacancy modulation.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) (2014-09-13)

Mulmudi Hemant Kumar, Sabba Dharani, Wei Lin Leong, Pablo P Boix, Rajiv Ramanujam Prabhakar, Tom Baikie, Chen Shi, Hong Ding, Ramamoorthy Ramesh, Mark Asta, Michael Graetzel, Subodh G Mhaisalkar, Nripan Mathews

RESUMEN

Lead free perovskite solar cells based on a CsSnI3 light absorber with a spectral response from 950 nm is demonstrated. The high photocurrents noted in the system are a consequence of SnF2 addition which reduces defect concentrations and hence the background charge carrier density.

MATERIALES

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Sigma-Aldrich

Dimetilsulfóxido, Hybri-Max^™, sterile-filtered, BioReagent, suitable for hybridoma, ≥99.7%

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Dimetilsulfóxido, ACS reagent, ≥99.9%

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Dimetilsulfóxido, for molecular biology

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Dimetilsulfóxido, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.7%

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Dimetilsulfóxido, sterile-filtered, BioPerformance Certified, meets EP, USP testing specifications, suitable for hybridoma

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Dimetilsulfóxido, ReagentPlus^®, ≥99.5%

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Dimetilsulfóxido, ≥99.5% (GC), suitable for plant cell culture

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Dimetilsulfóxido, anhydrous, ≥99.9%

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Dimetilsulfóxido, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, ≥99.9% (GC)

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Dimetilsulfóxido, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (GC)

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Dimetilsulfóxido, puriss. p.a., dried, ≤0.02% water

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Dimetilsulfóxido, meets EP testing specifications, meets USP testing specifications

USP

Dimetilsulfóxido, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard

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Dimethyl sulfoxide solution, 50 wt. % in H₂O

Supelco

Dimetilsulfóxido, analytical standard

Supelco

Dimetilsulfóxido, for inorganic trace analysis, ≥99.99995% (metals basis)

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8-Octanoyloxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt, suitable for fluorescence, ≥90% (HPCE)

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Dimetilsulfóxido, Vetec^™, reagent grade, 99%

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