Skip to Content
Merck
  • Determination of fluoroquinolones in chicken feces - a new liquid-liquid extraction method combined with LC-MS/MS.

Determination of fluoroquinolones in chicken feces - a new liquid-liquid extraction method combined with LC-MS/MS.

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology (2014-10-13)
Franziska Janusch, Gesine Scherz, Siegrun A I Mohring, Gerd Hamscher
ABSTRACT

The application of antibiotics including fluoroquinolones to farming animals is widespread and may lead to the development of antibiotic resistance and other environmental effects. To calculate environmental loads and for a proper risk assessment it is necessary to determine the antibiotic concentration in feces. Therefore, a new liquid-liquid extraction method combined with HPLC-MS/MS for the detection of marbofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and difloxacin in chicken feces was developed. Recoveries ranged from 51.0% to 83.5%. LOQs were between 0.10 and 1.09μg/kg. Feces of chickens treated with an enrofloxacin dosage of 10mg/kg bodyweight revealed maximum enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations of 61.3 and 18.8mg/kg. Both antibiotics could be detected in feces up to two days after the last application in notable amounts (∼1mg/kg). Thus, feces of recently medicated chickens should not be used as a fertilizer without any further processing.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Supelco
2-Propanol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Supelco
Enrofloxacin, VETRANAL®, analytical standard
Supelco
Ciprofloxacin-d8 hydrochloride hydrate, VETRANAL®, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphoric acid-16O4 solution, 70 wt. % in D2O, 99.9 atom % 16O
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium phosphate monobasic solution, BioUltra, 5 M in H2O
Supelco
Ciprofloxacin, VETRANAL®, analytical standard
Supelco
Ciprofloxacin, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Supelco
2-Propanol, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
2-Propanol, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Potassium phosphate dibasic, anhydrous, for luminescence, for molecular biology, BioUltra, ≥99.0% (T)
Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphoric acid, puriss., ≥99%
Supelco
Dichloromethane, Selectophore, ≥99.5%
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, BioUltra, ≥99.0% (KT)
Sigma-Aldrich
Formic acid solution, BioUltra, 1.0 M in H2O
Sigma-Aldrich
Enrofloxacin, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ≥98.0% (KT)
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt solution, BioUltra, for molecular biology, pH 8.0, ~0.5 M in H2O
Sigma-Aldrich
Sodium phosphate monobasic, purum p.a., anhydrous, ≥99.0% (T)
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 99.995% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphoric acid, crystalline, ≥99.999% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
2-Propanol, anhydrous, 99.5%
Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphoric acid, 85 wt. % in H2O, 99.99% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethyl acetate, ≥99%, FCC, FG
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethyl acetate, natural, ≥99%, FCC, FG
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethyl acetate, anhydrous, 99.8%
Sigma-Aldrich
Dichloromethane, anhydrous, ≥99.8%, contains 40-150 ppm amylene as stabilizer
Supelco
Ethyl acetate, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphoric acid, ≥85 wt. % in H2O, ≥99.999% trace metals basis
Supelco
Dichloromethane, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Ciprofloxacin, ≥98% (HPLC)