Chromosomal localization and characterization of the stannin (Snn) gene.

Stannin is a protein that has been localized to trimethyltin-sensitive cell populations, and evidence suggests it plays a role in the toxic effects of organotins. In this study, we have isolated a mouse stannin genomic clone and have characterized the gene's intron-exon organization, promoter region, and chromosomal location. We have also isolated a partial human stannin cDNA clone and analyzed the open reading frame. The mouse genomic clone spans approximately 19 kb and consists of one intron and two exons. The splice site consensus sequence was maintained at all intron-exon junctions. Promoter analysis suggests that two putative promoter sites exist, each containing multiple regulatory elements and transcription factor-binding sites. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis localized stannin to mouse Chromosome (Chr) 16 at band A2. This region is homologous to the proximal region of human Chr 16 (16p13) to which stannin has been previously mapped. Sequence analysis revealed that the 264-bp open reading frame was identical between rat and mouse. The human sequence was 98% identical, with two amino acid substitutions near the c-terminal end of the peptide. These data suggest that stannin is highly conserved between species, and its unusual pattern of cellular expression may, in part, be explained via cell-specific promoters.