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The DNA damage response: putting checkpoints in perspective.

Nature (2000-12-02)
B B Zhou, S J Elledge
ABSTRACT

The inability to repair DNA damage properly in mammals leads to various disorders and enhanced rates of tumour development. Organisms respond to chromosomal insults by activating a complex damage response pathway. This pathway regulates known responses such as cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis (programmed cell death), and has recently been shown to control additional processes including direct activation of DNA repair networks.