Skip to Content
MilliporeSigma
All Photos(1)

Key Documents

QIA33

Sigma-Aldrich

FragEL DNA Fragmentation Detection Kit, Colorimetric - TdT Enzyme

Synonym(s):

TUNEL Assay

Sign Into View Organizational & Contract Pricing


About This Item

UNSPSC Code:
41116133
NACRES:
NA.51

usage

sufficient for 50 tests

Quality Level

species reactivity (predicted by homology)

all

manufacturer/tradename

Calbiochem®

storage condition

OK to freeze

technique(s)

microbe id | specific enzyme detection: suitable

input

sample type paraffin section(s)
sample type frozen section(s)
sample type fixed-cell preparation(s)

detection method

colorimetric

storage temp.

−20°C

General description

Non-isotopic kit for the detection of apoptosis at the individual cell level. Apoptotic morphology is easily detected. This kit allows the recognition of apoptotic nuclei in paraffin-embedded tissue sections, tissue cryosections, or in cell preparations fixed on slide by Fragment End Labeling (FragEL) of DNA. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) binds to exposed ends of DNA fragments generated in response to apoptotic signals and catalyzes the template-dependent addition of biotin-labeled and unlabeled deoxynucleotides. Biotinylated nucleotides are detected using streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate. Diaminobenzidine reacts with the labeled sample to generate an insoluble colored product at the site of DNA fragmentation. Counterstaining with methyl green aids in the morphological evaluation and characterization of normal and apoptotic cells.

Components

Counterstain, Proteinase K, Equilibration and Labeling Buffers, TdT Enzyme (Cat. No. PF060), Stop Buffer, Blocking Buffer, 50X Conjugate, DAB, Positive and Negative Control Slides, H₂O₂/Urea Tablets, Methyl Green Counterstain, and a user protocol.

Warning

Toxicity: Multiple Toxicity Values, refer to MSDS (O)

Principle

The Calbiochem TdT-FragEL DNA Fragmentation Detection Kit is a non-isotopic system for the labeling of DNA breaks in apoptotic nuclei in paraffin-embedded tissue sections, tissue cryosections, and in cell preparations fixed on slides.

Preparation Note

1. Generation of Negative Control SamplesA negative control of your specific sample can be generated by substituting dH2O for the TdT in the reaction mixture or by keeping the specimen in 1X reaction buffer (with a cover slip) during the labeling step. Perform all other steps as described. This controls for endogenous peroxidases and non-specific conjugate binding. A non-apoptotic control is also critical since cells and tissue begin to undergo apoptosis from the very beginning of the excision, fixation, and processing steps. A delay in fixation or routine mechanical manipulation may result in the unwanted breakage of DNA that could be misinterpreted as apoptosis.2. Generation of Positive Control Samples: A positive control of your specific tissue sample can be generated by covering the entire specimen with 1 µg/µl DNase I in 1X TBS/1 mM MgSO4 following proteinase K treatment. Incubate at room temperature for 20 min. Perform all other steps as described. This will fragment DNA in normal cells. Cytoplasmic as well as nuclear DAB staining of DNase treated cells may be observed.

Storage and Stability

Upon arrival store the entire contents of the kit at -20°C in a non-frostfree freezer. Following initial thaw store the Stop Buffer and Methyl Green Counterstain at room temperature and the Blocking Buffer at 4°C. Refreezing of these components, however, does not appear to affect their performance.

Other Notes

Due to the nature of the Hazardous Materials in this shipment, additional shipping charges may be applied to your order. Certain sizes may be exempt from the additional hazardous materials shipping charges. Please contact your local sales office for more information regarding these charges.
Xiao, D. and Bullock, R. 1996. J. Neurosurgery85, 655.
Gu, Y., et al. 1994. Endocrinology135, 1272.
Gavrieli, Y., et al. 1992. J. Cell Biol.119, 493.
Fawthrop, D. J., et al. 1991. Arch. Toxicol.65, 437.
Martin, S.J., et al. 1990. J. Immunology145, 1859.
Wyllie, A. H. 1980. Nature284, 555.
Kerr, J. F. R., et al. 1972. Br. J. Cancer26, 239.

Legal Information

CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Aquatic Chronic 2 - Carc. 1B - Eye Dam. 1 - Muta. 2 - Ox. Liq. 3 - Skin Irrit. 2 - Skin Sens. 1 - STOT RE 2 Inhalation

Target Organs

Respiratory Tract

Storage Class Code

5.1B - Oxidizing hazardous materials


Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

Already Own This Product?

Find documentation for the products that you have recently purchased in the Document Library.

Visit the Document Library

Wen-Ping Lin et al.
PloS one, 8(5), e63444-e63444 (2013-05-10)
This study aims to investigate the potentially protective effect of neuroglobin (Ngb) gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in rabbits. A lentiviral vector containing an Ngb gene was constructed and used to deliver
Gemma Pascual et al.
PloS one, 11(6), e0157920-e0157920 (2016-06-21)
Cyanoacrylate(CA)-based tissue adhesives, although not widely used, are a feasible option to fix a mesh during abdominal hernia repair, due to its fast action and great bond strength. Their main disadvantage, toxicity, can be mitigated by increasing the length of
Bettina Celvin et al.
Clinical and experimental rheumatology, 38(1), 129-135 (2019-06-08)
Prolonged use of glucocorticoids (GCs) for treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions may have several negative side effects, such as impaired bone growth which has been linked to increased apoptosis in growth plate chondrocytes. It has recently been shown that
Stephen P Henry et al.
Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 27(12), 2511-2525 (2012-07-11)
Sox9 is an essential transcription factor for the differentiation of the chondrocytic lineage during embryonic development. To test whether Sox9 continues to play a critical role in cartilaginous tissues in the adult mice, we used an inducible, genetic strategy to
Chin-Yi Cheng et al.
Journal of ethnopharmacology, 252, 112612-112612 (2020-01-29)
Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, commonly known as Dang Gui (DG), is one of the most popular traditional Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of stroke. However, the effects of DG on transient global cerebral ischemia (GCI) and its precise mechanisms

Our team of scientists has experience in all areas of research including Life Science, Material Science, Chemical Synthesis, Chromatography, Analytical and many others.

Contact Technical Service