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A review of tungsten: from environmental obscurity to scrutiny.

A review of tungsten: from environmental obscurity to scrutiny.

Journal of hazardous materials (2005-12-14)

A Koutsospyros, W Braida, C Christodoulatos, D Dermatas, N Strigul

摘要

Since its discovery, tungsten, a transition element of Group VIb of the Periodic Table of Elements, and its compounds have been considered environmentally benign. Its presence in biological and drinking water samples in Fallon, Nevada, an acute lymphocytic leukemia cluster struck community has alarmed public health, environmental and regulatory agencies. Tungsten, a metal of extraordinary properties that make it hardly substitutable, is considered an essential commodity with a wide variety of uses stretching from household necessities to highly specialized applications. This work is undertaken in order to explore aspects of environmental behavior of tungsten and its compounds. Occurrence data in terrestrial, atmospheric, aquatic and biotic systems are presented. Various aspects of environmental chemistry, fate transport across environmental interfaces and toxicology are discussed with the objective of identifying knowledge gaps and outlining directions for future research.

材料

货号

品牌

产品描述

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, powder, 12 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, powder, ≤10 μm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, powder (monocrystalline), 0.6-1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, wire, diam. 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

钨, mesh, 100x100mm, nominal aperture 0.2mm, wire diameter 0.05mm, 100 wires/inch, open area 64%, plain weave mesh, 99.95%

Sigma-Aldrich

钨, foil, thickness 0.127 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

钨, lump, 100g, max. size 5mm

钨, mesh, 50x50mm, nominal aperture 0.2mm, wire diameter 0.05mm, 100 wires/inch, open area 64%, plain weave mesh, 99.95%

钨, rod, 100mm, diameter 6.35mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

钨, lump, 200g, max. size 5mm

钨, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%

钨, wire, straight, 500mm, diameter 0.5mm, 99.9+%

钨, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.15mm, as rolled, 99.95%

钨, insulated wire, 10m, conductor diameter 0.025mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

钨, mesh, 50x50mm, nominal aperture 0.15mm, wire diameter 0.02mm, 150 wires/inch, open area 75%, plain weave mesh, 99.95%

钨, rod, 500mm, diameter 10.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

钨, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.38mm, 99.9+%

钨, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.003mm, 99.95%

钨, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.005mm, gold plated, 99.95%

钨, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.15mm, as rolled, 99.95%

钨, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.02mm, gold plated, 99.95%

钨, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.1mm, gold plated, 99.95%

钨, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.25mm, clean, 99.95%

钨, rod, 100mm, diameter 3.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

钨, wire reel, 25m, diameter 0.05mm, clean, 99.95%

钨, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.1mm, clean, 99.95%