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  • Molecular markers in ambient aerosol in the Mahanadi Riverside Basin of eastern central India during winter.

Molecular markers in ambient aerosol in the Mahanadi Riverside Basin of eastern central India during winter.

Environmental science and pollution research international (2014-08-19)
Jayant Nirmalkar, Manas K Deb, Dhananjay K Deshmukh, Ying I Tsai, Santosh K Verma
ABSTRACT

Organic molecular markers are important atmospheric constituents. Their formation and sources are important aspects of the study of urban and rural air quality. We collected PM10 aerosol samples from the Mahanadi Riverside Basin (MRB), a rural part of eastern central India, during the winter of 2011. PM10 aerosols were characterized for molecular markers using ion chromatography. The concentration of PM10 ranged from 208.8 to 588.3 μg m(-3) with a mean concentration of 388.9 μg m(-3). Total concentration of anhydrosugars, sugar alcohols, primary sugars, and oxalate were found to be 3.25, 5.60, 10.52, and 0.37 μg m(-3), respectively, during the study period. Glucose was the most abundant species followed by levoglucosan and mannitol. Significant positive correlation between the molecular markers, anhydrosugars, sugar alcohols, primary sugars, and oxalic acid confirmed that biomass burning, biogenic activity, and re-suspension of soil particles were the main sources of aerosol in the eastern central India study area.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Supelco
Mannitol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Supelco
Galactose, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Mannitol, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Sigma-Aldrich
D-(+)-Mannose, ≥99% (GC), wood
Galactose, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Supelco
Xylitol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Supelco
D-Mannitol, ≥99.9999% (metals basis), for boron determination
Sigma-Aldrich
Xylitol
Millipore
myo-Inositol, suitable for microbiology, ≥99.0%
Millipore
D-(+)-Galactose, suitable for microbiology, ≥99.0%
Sigma-Aldrich
D-(+)-Galactose, meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP
Sigma-Aldrich
D-Mannitol, BioUltra, ≥99.0% (sum of enantiomers, HPLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
D-(+)-Galactose, ≥99% (HPLC), BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, suitable for insect cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
D-(+)-Galactose, ≥99% (HPLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
myo-Inositol, ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich
D-Mannitol, BioXtra, ≥98% (HPLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
D-(+)-Galactose, ≥98% (HPLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
D-(+)-Galactose, BioXtra, ≥99% (HPLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
D-Mannitol, ≥98% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
myo-Inositol, ≥99% (GC), BioReagent
Sigma-Aldrich
D-(+)-Mannose, powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
D-Mannitol, ACS reagent
Sigma-Aldrich
Xylitol, ≥99% (GC)
Millipore
D-(+)-Mannose, ≥99%, suitable for microbiology
Millipore
D-(+)-Mannose, ≥99.0% (sum of enantiomers, HPLC), suitable for microbiology
Sigma-Aldrich
D-Mannitol, ≥98% (GC), suitable for plant cell culture
Sigma-Aldrich
D-Mannitol, tested according to Ph. Eur.
USP
Mannitol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Glycerol solution, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, 84-88%
Sigma-Aldrich
D-Mannitol, meets EP, FCC, USP testing specifications