Skip to Content
Merck
  • Intravenous infusion of electrolyte solution changes pharmacokinetics of drugs: pharmacokinetics of ampicillin.

Intravenous infusion of electrolyte solution changes pharmacokinetics of drugs: pharmacokinetics of ampicillin.

Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics (2014-03-29)
M Britzi, Y Mazon, E Lavy, S Soback
ABSTRACT

The pharmacokinetics of ampicillin in dogs was determined after intravenous (i.v.) bolus and constant rate infusion. Ampicillin was administered to six beagle dogs as an i.v. bolus at 20 mg/kg and as a constant rate i.v. infusion (CRI) at 20 mg/kg during 8 h (0.042 mL/min/kg) in Ringer's lactate (Hartmann's) solution. The concentrations were determined by an LC/MS/MS method. After i.v. bolus, ampicillin total body clearance, apparent volume of distribution at steady-state, mean residence time (MRT), and half-life were 4.53 ± 0.70 mL/min/kg, 0.275 ± 0.044 L/kg, 61 ± 13 min, and 111 (85-169) min, respectively. The corresponding parameters calculated after CRI were 13.5 ± 1.06 mL/min/kg, 0.993 ± 0.415 L/kg, 73 ± 27 min, and 49 (31-69) min. Ampicillin concentration decreased by 30% in the Ringer's lactate infusion solution mostly during the first hour after preparation of the solution. Constant rate infusion of Ringer's lactate solution during 8 h caused significant changes in ampicillin pharmacokinetics. The results suggested that special attention should be given to drug pharmacokinetics when co-administered intravenously with electrolyte solutions.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Cloxacillin sodium, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
USP
Cloxacillin sodium, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Supelco
Ampicillin trihydrate, VETRANAL®, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Ampicillin trihydrate, 900-1050 μg/mg anhydrous basis (HPLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Ampicillin, meets USP testing specifications
Sigma-Aldrich
Cloxacillin sodium salt, ≥95.0% (HPLC)
Supelco
Residual Solvent - Acetonitrile, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
USP
Ampicillin trihydrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Ampicillin trihydrate, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Supelco
Ampicillin Trihydrate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, electronic grade, 99.999% trace metals basis
Ampicillin, anhydrous, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Supelco
Acetonitrile, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, anhydrous, 99.8%
Sigma-Aldrich
Ampicillin, anhydrous, 96.0-102.0% (anhydrous basis)
Supelco
Ampicillin, analytical standard
USP
Ampicillin, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
USP
Residual Solvent Class 2 - Acetonitrile, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Ultrapure Acetonitrile
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, suitable for HPLC, gradient grade, ≥99.9%
Supelco
Acetonitrile, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, ReagentPlus®, 99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, biotech. grade, ≥99.93%
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, suitable for DNA synthesis, ≥99.9% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, suitable for HPLC, gradient grade, ≥99.9%
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetonitrile, HPLC Plus, ≥99.9%