Skip to Content
Merck
  • Trichloroethylene and cancer: systematic and quantitative review of epidemiologic evidence for identifying hazards.

Trichloroethylene and cancer: systematic and quantitative review of epidemiologic evidence for identifying hazards.

International journal of environmental research and public health (2011-12-14)
Cheryl Siegel Scott, Jennifer Jinot
ABSTRACT

We conducted a meta-analysis focusing on studies with high potential for trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure to provide quantitative evaluations of the evidence for associations between TCE exposure and kidney, liver, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cancers. A systematic review documenting essential design features, exposure assessment approaches, statistical analyses, and potential sources of confounding and bias identified twenty-four cohort and case-control studies on TCE and the three cancers of interest with high potential for exposure, including five recently published case-control studies of kidney cancer or NHL. Fixed- and random-effects models were fitted to the data on overall exposure and on the highest exposure group. Sensitivity analyses examined the influence of individual studies and of alternative risk estimate selections. For overall TCE exposure and kidney cancer, the summary relative risk (RRm) estimate from the random effects model was 1.27 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.43), with a higher RRm for the highest exposure groups (1.58, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.96). The RRm estimates were not overly sensitive to alternative risk estimate selections or to removal of an individual study. There was no apparent heterogeneity or publication bias. For NHL, RRm estimates for overall exposure and for the highest exposure group, respectively, were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.42) and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.82) and, for liver cancer, 1.29 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.56) and 1.28 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.77). Our findings provide strong support for a causal association between TCE exposure and kidney cancer. The support is strong but less robust for NHL, where issues of study heterogeneity, potential publication bias, and weaker exposure-response results contribute uncertainty, and more limited for liver cancer, where only cohort studies with small numbers of cases were available.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

USP
Residual Solvent Class 2 - Trichloroethylene, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Supelco
Trichloroethylene solution, certified reference material, 5000 μg/mL in methanol
Supelco
Trichloroethylene, analytical standard, stabilized with 30 – 50 ppm Diisopropylamine
Sigma-Aldrich
Trichloroethylene, anhydrous, contains 40 ppm diisopropylamine as stabilizer, ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Trichloroethylene, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%