Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

267546

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

267511

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder, 12 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

510106

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder (monocrystalline), 0.6-1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF13027384

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF31722263

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width .51mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF52573079

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF31462163

Tungsten, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF28612302

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.02mm, coil width .5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF07491876

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF87782732

Tungsten, foil, 200x200mm, thickness 0.15mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF37965943

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.3mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF06473033

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF91197748

Tungsten, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .6mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF68135025

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.6mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74651698

Tungsten, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF88307309

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.025mm, coil width .7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF18740550

Tungsten, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.035mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF13618155

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.035mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF32151541

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .6mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF18352425

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF42014078

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.6mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF09054053

Tungsten, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.6mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF14472514

Tungsten, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .6mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF06023067

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.035mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF66018999

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF02220567

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF51630375

Tungsten, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF36484229

Tungsten, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.04mm, coil width 0.7mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF87565135

Tungsten, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 1.0mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF54025040

Tungsten, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width .51mm, as rolled, 99.95%