Pathological assessment of gastrointestinal biopsies from patients with idelalisib-associated diarrhea and colitis.

Idelalisib (IDELA) treatment is associated with diarrhea/colitis (incidence of ∼15% grade ≥3). We performed a retrospective analysis of gastrointestinal biopsies from 29 patients treated with IDELA across nine clinical trials. A central core laboratory performed histopathologic review, immunohistochemistry, and droplet digital PCR viral studies. These results were correlated with tissue immune profiling data and morphologic features per modified Geboes score. Out of 29 eligible patients with abdominal pain or diarrhea, 24 (82.8%) had reported adverse event terms of diarrhea and/or colitis. Infectious pathogens were detected in 9/29 samples. Most biopsies presented with mixed/inflammatory infiltrates and contained increased numbers of FOXP3+ cells versus normal controls. This study revealed evidence of T-cell dysregulation and a substantial infectious component in association with IDELA-related diarrhea/colitis.