Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Chemical Society reviews (2011-06-07)

Stephan Enthaler, Anna Company

ABSTRACT

The formation of oxygen-carbon bonds is one of the fundamental transformations in organic synthesis. In this regard the application of palladium-based catalysts has been extensively studied during recent years. Nowadays it is an established methodology and the success has been proven in manifold synthetic procedures. This tutorial review summarizes the advances on palladium-catalysed C-O bond formation, means hydroxylation and alkoxylation reactions.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

686468

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

348678

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

348643

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

464651

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <75 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

203998

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder or granules, 99.99% trace metals basis

203939

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, 99.995% trace metals basis

348694

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267082

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

267112

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267120

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

287474

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

326666

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

373206

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

GF03499016

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF89838220

Palladium, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF73143491

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.95%

GF62759841

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.95%

GF47081437

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF74896857

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.95%

GF81435146

Palladium, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, 99.95%

GF22660264

Palladium, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95%

GF95076625

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF68272588

Palladium, rod, 25mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%

GF04041403

Palladium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF65598171

Palladium, wire reel, 0.2m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF19701503

Palladium, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.125mm, hard, 99.95%

GF52079171

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.006mm, 99.95%

GF49794317

Palladium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.95%

GF15900713

Palladium, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.5μm, specific density 303.4μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.99%

GF62687795

Palladium, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.125mm, hard, 99.95%