Degradation of sulphamethazine by means of an improved photo-Fenton process involving a hydrogen peroxide systematic dosage.

Degradation of sulphamethazine by means of an improved photo-Fenton process involving a hydrogen peroxide systematic dosage.

Environmental technology (2014-06-25)

Evelyn Yamal-Turbay, Lydia Pérez González, Moisès Graells, Montserrat Pérez-Moya

ABSTRACT

Despite being acknowledged as an emerging contaminant, sulphamethazine (SMT) degradation has received scarce attention in the advanced oxidation processes field. Thus, this work addresses the degradation of SMT in water solutions (12 L of 25mgL-1 samples) by means of a photo-Fenton process and a systematic H202 dosage protocol that enhances its performance. A conventional photo-Fenton process led to 86% mineralization after 120 min treatment when adding the Fenton reactants at once (initial concentrations were 10mgL-1 Fe(II) and 200mgL-1 H2O2). Conversely, the process achieved the total mineralization of the samples in less than 75 min when the same amount of H202 was continuously dosed according to a conveniently tuned dosage protocol. In both cases, total SMT degradation was achieved within 10 min. Hence, this work's aim is to determine the efficient dosage conditions of H2O2. The results show that a significant improvement of the photo-Fenton mineralization of SMT solutions is possible by adjusting the dosage of H2O2.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

209309

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, powder, −325 mesh, 97%

IRMM524B

Iron, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.5 mm wire

46802

Supelco

Sulfamethazine, VETRANAL^®, analytical standard

88597

Millipore

Hydrogen peroxide solution, 3%, suitable for microbiology

267945

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, chips, 99.98% trace metals basis

356808

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

S6256

Sigma-Aldrich

Sulfamethazine, 99.0-101.0% (on dried basis)

44890

Sigma-Aldrich

Iron, puriss. p.a., carbonyl-Iron powder, low in magnesium and manganese compounds, ≥99.5% (RT)

GF63891726

Iron, insulated wire, 10m, conductor diameter 0.25mm, insulation thickness 0.01mm, polyester insulation

GF40975601

Iron, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 3.18mm, inside diameter 1.96mm, wall thickness 0.61mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF06733818

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4.5mm, wall thickness 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF67418062

Iron, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 12.0mm, inside diameter 9mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF21950197

Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.18mm, inside diameter 1.96mm, wall thickness 0.61mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF28189525

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 9.5mm, wall thickness 1.6mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF55674164

Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4.5mm, wall thickness 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF18645240

Iron, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 10.0mm, inside diameter 7mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF37941240

Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 2.30mm, inside diameter 2.07mm, wall thickness 0.115mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF92236428

Iron, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 9.5mm, wall thickness 1.6mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF93209328

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 8.0mm, inside diameter 5mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF08932934

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Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 25.0mm, inside diameter 21mm, wall thickness 2mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF38919279

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 20.0mm, inside diameter 16mm, wall thickness 2.0mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF33572606

Iron, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4.5mm, wall thickness 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF30656077

Iron, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 10.0mm, inside diameter 7mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, annealed, 99.5%

GF82933511

Iron, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.2mm, inside diameter 2.2mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.8%