Bad is a member of the BCL-2 family. BCL-2 family members are known to be regulators of programmed cell death. This protein positively regulates cell apoptosis by forming heterodimers with BCL-xL and BCL-2, and reversing their death repressor activity. Proapoptotic activity of this protein is regulated through its phosphorylation. Protein kinases AKT and MAP kinase, as well as protein phosphatase calcineurin are found to be involved in the regulation of this protein. Bad is phosphorylated on one or more of Ser-75, Ser-99, Ser-118 and Ser-134 in response to survival stimuli, which blocks its pro-apoptotic activity. Phosphorylation on Ser-99 or Ser-75 promotes heterodimerization with 14-3-3 proteins. This interaction then facilitates the phosphorylation at Ser-118, a site within the BH3 motif, leading to the release of Bcl-X(L) and the promotion of cell survival. Ser-99 is the major site of AKT/PKB phosphorylation, Ser-118 the major site of protein kinase A (CAPK) phosphorylation.
Specificity
Other species have not been tested.
The antibody reacts with the 18 kDa Phospho-Bad (Ser99) protein.
Immunogen
This antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to amino acid residues surrounding S99 of human Bad.
Application
This Anti-Phospho-Bad (Ser99) Antibody is validated for use in WB for the detection of Phospho-Bad (Ser99).
Quality
Western Blot Analysis: 1:250 dilution of this antibody detected Phospho-Bad-S99 on HL60 lysate.
Target description
18 kDa
Physical form
Format: Purified
Analysis Note
Control Western Blot : HL60 lysates.
Other Notes
Concentration: Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration.
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Storage Class Code
10 - Combustible liquids
WGK
WGK 2
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Certificates of Analysis (COA)
Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.
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