Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Chemical Society reviews (2011-06-07)

Stephan Enthaler, Anna Company

ABSTRACT

The formation of oxygen-carbon bonds is one of the fundamental transformations in organic synthesis. In this regard the application of palladium-based catalysts has been extensively studied during recent years. Nowadays it is an established methodology and the success has been proven in manifold synthetic procedures. This tutorial review summarizes the advances on palladium-catalysed C-O bond formation, means hydroxylation and alkoxylation reactions.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

686468

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

348694

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

464651

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <75 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

348678

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

348643

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

267112

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267120

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

373206

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

287474

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

203998

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder or granules, 99.99% trace metals basis

326666

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

267082

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

203939

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, 99.995% trace metals basis

GF35615921

Palladium, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF37489540

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF90203475

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.0025mm, 99.95%

GF68272588

Palladium, rod, 25mm, diameter 6.0mm, 99.95%

GF34072815

Palladium, rod, 25mm, diameter 4.0mm, 99.95%

GF89451489

Palladium, rod, 50mm, diameter 2.0mm, 99.95%

GF03499016

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF03781863

Palladium, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF80838704

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.02mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF49794317

Palladium, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.95%

GF43148280

Palladium, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF25547351

Palladium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF95863821

Palladium, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF21832747

Palladium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.50mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF57528816

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.006mm, 99.95%

GF81435146

Palladium, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, 99.95%

GF94883822

Palladium, rod, 25mm, diameter 2.0mm, 99.95%