Mitochondrial damage elicits a TCDD-inducible poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-mediated antiviral response.

Mitochondrial damage elicits a TCDD-inducible poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-mediated antiviral response.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2017-02-19)

Tatsuya Kozaki, Jun Komano, Daiki Kanbayashi, Michihiro Takahama, Takuma Misawa, Takashi Satoh, Osamu Takeuchi, Taro Kawai, Shigeomi Shimizu, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Shizuo Akira, Tatsuya Saitoh

PMID28213497

ABSTRACT

The innate immune system senses RNA viruses by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and protects the host from virus infection. PRRs mediate the production of immune modulatory factors and direct the elimination of RNA viruses. Here, we show a unique PRR that mediates antiviral response. Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (TIPARP), a Cysteine3 Histidine (CCCH)-type zinc finger-containing protein, binds to Sindbis virus (SINV) RNA via its zinc finger domain and recruits an exosome to induce viral RNA degradation. TIPARP typically localizes in the nucleus, but it accumulates in the cytoplasm after SINV infection, allowing targeting of cytoplasmic SINV RNA. Redistribution of TIPARP is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent oxidization of the nuclear pore that affects cytoplasmic-nuclear transport. BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) and BCL2 antagonist/killer 1 (BAK1), B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family members, mediate mitochondrial damage to generate ROS after SINV infection. Thus, TIPARP is a viral RNA-sensing PRR that mediates antiviral responses triggered by BAX- and BAK1-dependent mitochondrial damage.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

F3165

Sigma-Aldrich

Monoclonal ANTI-FLAG^® M2 antibody produced in mouse, clone M2, purified immunoglobulin (Purified IgG1 subclass), buffered aqueous solution (10 mM sodium phosphate, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4, containing 0.02% sodium azide)