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  • Biochemical effects of veterinary antibiotics on proliferation and cell cycle arrest of human HEK293 cells.

Biochemical effects of veterinary antibiotics on proliferation and cell cycle arrest of human HEK293 cells.

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology (2012-06-08)
Hyeon Young Kim, Ki-Tae Kim, Sang Don Kim
ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of veterinary antibiotics, including amoxicillin (AMX), chlortetracycline (CTC) and tylosin (TYL), on the biochemical mechanism of human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). CTC and TYL inhibited HEK293 cell proliferation, in both time- and dose-dependent manners, and changed the cell morphology; whereas, AMX showed no cytotoxic effects. The cell cycle analysis of CTC and TYL revealed G1-arrest in HEK293 cells. Western blot analysis also showed that CTC and TYL affected the activation of DNA damage responsive proteins, as well as cell cycle regulatory proteins, such as p53, p21(Waf1/Cip1) and Rb protein, which are crucial in the G1-S transition. The activation of p21(Waf1/Cip1) was significantly up-regulated over time, but there was no change in the level of CDK2 expression. The results of this study suggest that veterinary antibiotics, even at low level concentrations on continuous exposure, can potentially risk the development of human cells.

MATERIALS
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Millipore
Chlortetracycline Selective Supplement, suitable for microbiology
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Sigma-Aldrich
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride, suitable for fluorescence, BioReagent, from Streptomyces aureofaciens, ≥85.0% (HPLC)
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Supelco
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride, VETRANAL®, analytical standard
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Sigma-Aldrich
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride, ≥91.0% dry basis (HPLC)
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