Mouse and human cell activation by N-dodecanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone, a Chromobacterium violaceum autoinducer.

Chromobacterium violaceum produces autoinducers, including homoserine lactones (HSLs), for genetic regulation. Among the seven HSLs derived from C. violaceum we evaluated, only C(12)-HSL stimulated the production of inflammatory cytokines in mammalian monocytic cell lines through the activation of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway besides their quorum-sensing role, like 3-oxo-C(12)-HSL from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.