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  • Baculovirus actin-rearrangement-inducing factor ARIF-1 induces the formation of dynamic invadosome clusters.

Baculovirus actin-rearrangement-inducing factor ARIF-1 induces the formation of dynamic invadosome clusters.

Molecular biology of the cell (2021-06-17)
Domokos I Lauko, Taro Ohkawa, Sergio E Mares, Matthew D Welch
ABSTRACT

The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), a pathogen of lepidopteran insects, has a striking dependence on the host cell actin cytoskeleton. During the delayed-early stage of infection, AcMNPV was shown to induce the accumulation of actin at the cortex of infected cells. However, the dynamics and molecular mechanism of cortical actin assembly remained unknown. Here, we show that AcMNPV induces dynamic cortical clusters of dot-like actin structures that mediate degradation of the underlying extracellular matrix and therefore function similarly to clusters of invadosomes in mammalian cells. Furthermore, we find that the AcMNPV protein actin-rearrangement-inducing factor-1 (ARIF-1), which was previously shown to be necessary and sufficient for cortical actin assembly and efficient viral infection in insect hosts, is both necessary and sufficient for invadosome formation. We mapped the sequences within the C-terminal cytoplasmic region of ARIF-1 that are required for invadosome formation and identified individual tyrosine and proline residues that are required for organizing these structures. Additionally, we found that ARIF-1 and the invadosome-associated proteins cortactin and the Arp2/3 complex localize to invadosomes and Arp2/3 complex is required for their formation. These ARIF-1-induced invadosomes may be important for the function of ARIF-1 in systemic virus spread.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Arp2/3 Complex Inhibitor I, CK-666, Arp2/3 Complex Inhibitor I, CK-666, CAS 442633-00-3, is a cell-permeable selective inhibitor of actin assembly mediated by actin-related protein Arp2/3 complex (IC50 = 4 uM in human).
Sigma-Aldrich
Gelatin from bovine skin, Type B
Sigma-Aldrich
Arp2/3 Complex Inhibitor I, Inactive Control, CK-689, The Arp2/3 Complex Inhibitor I, Inactive Control, CK-689, also referenced under CAS 170930-46-8, controls the biological activity of Arp2/3. This small molecule/inhibitor is primarily used for Cell Structure applications.