Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Palladium-catalysed hydroxylation and alkoxylation.

Chemical Society reviews (2011-06-07)

Stephan Enthaler, Anna Company

ABSTRACT

The formation of oxygen-carbon bonds is one of the fundamental transformations in organic synthesis. In this regard the application of palladium-based catalysts has been extensively studied during recent years. Nowadays it is an established methodology and the success has been proven in manifold synthetic procedures. This tutorial review summarizes the advances on palladium-catalysed C-O bond formation, means hydroxylation and alkoxylation reactions.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

373206

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, evaporation slug, diam. × L 0.6 cm × 0.6 cm, 99.95% trace metals basis

326666

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <1 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

287474

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267112

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

267082

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, sponge, 99.9% trace metals basis

267120

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

203939

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, 99.995% trace metals basis

464651

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, powder, <75 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

686468

Sigma-Aldrich

Palladium, nanopowder, <25 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99.5%

GF60084424

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF44874995

Palladium, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.047mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF57528816

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.006mm, 99.95%

GF55924241

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF55245821

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF69074916

Palladium, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.00075mm, permanent polyester support, 99.75%

GF17495084

Palladium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF48798376

Palladium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.1mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF34781418

Palladium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 99.95%

GF38720471

Palladium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF25018422

Palladium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF32271656

Palladium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF06612847

Palladium, foil, 0.1m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 2mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF12749463

Palladium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.047mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF25547351

Palladium, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF33956949

Palladium, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.02mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF21832747

Palladium, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.50mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF65258703

Palladium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF00367422

Palladium, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF98544527

Palladium, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 99.95%

GF43148280

Palladium, foil, 0.2m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 2mm, as rolled, 99.95%