Towards the prevention of potential aluminum toxic effects and an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

Towards the prevention of potential aluminum toxic effects and an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)

Maire E Percy, Theo P A Kruck, Aileen I Pogue, Walter J Lukiw

PMID22099160

ABSTRACT

In 1991, treatment with low dose intramuscular desferrioxamine (DFO), a trivalent chelator that can remove excessive iron and/or aluminum from the body, was reported to slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by a factor of two. Twenty years later this promising trial has not been followed up and why this treatment worked still is not clear. In this critical interdisciplinary review, we provide an overview of the complexities of AD and involvement of metal ions, and revisit the neglected DFO trial. We discuss research done by us and others that is helping to explain involvement of metal ion catalyzed production of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of AD, and emerging strategies for inhibition of metal-ion toxicity. Highlighted are insights to be considered in the quests to prevent potentially toxic effects of aluminum toxicity and prevention and intervention in AD.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

749036

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, sputtering target, diam. × thickness 3.00 in. × 0.125 in., 99.9995% trace metals basis

11009

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, ≥91% (complexometric)

IRMM523B

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm foil

433705

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326887

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 0.58 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

326941

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-8 mesh, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

266558

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

518573

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, granular, <1 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

IRMM523C

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm wire

733369

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 8 μm, 99% trace metals basis

GF72634103

Aluminum, rod, 50mm, diameter 28mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF48798309

Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 6.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF72881297

Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 50mm, thinness 1.0μm, specific density 269.9μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%

GF98025239

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.55mm, inside diameter 0.4mm, wall thickness 0.075mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF04709695

Aluminum, rod, 44mm, diameter 77.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF02208923

Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.86mm, inside diameter 0.76mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF09680306

Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.0075μm, specific density 1.84μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%

GF87559420

Aluminum, tube, 0.5m coil, as drawn, outside diameter 0.30mm, inside diameter 0.2mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, 99.5%

GF09755837

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF71298546

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.063mm, annealed, 99.99%

GF49694743

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.6mm, inside diameter 0.3mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF94706354

Aluminum, mesh, 150x150mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF93309037

Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.42mm, inside diameter 1.166mm, wall thickness 0.127mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF06197014

Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 10.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF54273944

Aluminum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.55mm, inside diameter 0.4mm, wall thickness 0.075mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF16562246

Aluminum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.62mm, wall thickness 0.69mm, hard, 99.5%

GF95990068

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%

GF98718935

Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 1.0mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF79836654

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.025mm, as drawn, 99.0+%

GF51598761

Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%