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Bismuth(III) reagents in steroid and terpene chemistry.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2011-04-06)
Jorge A R Salvador, Samuel M Silvestre, Rui M A Pinto
RÉSUMÉ

Steroid and terpene chemistry still have a great impact on medicinal chemistry. Therefore, the development of new reactions or "greener" processes in this field is a contemporaneous issue. In this review, the use of bismuth(III) salts, as "ecofriendly" reagents/catalysts, on new chemical processes involving steroids and terpenes as substrates will be focused. Special attention will be given to some mechanistic considerations concerning selected reactions.

MATÉRIAUX
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Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, powder, −100 mesh, 99% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, granular, ≥99.99% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, powder, −100 mesh, ≥99.99% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, pieces, 1-12 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, shot, 4-30 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis
Sigma-Aldrich
Bismuth, beads, 1-5 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.25mm, 100%
Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 0.5mm, 100%
Bismuth, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, 100%
Bismuth, foil, 25x25mm, thickness 1.0mm, 100%
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.015mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.05mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.5mm, 100%
Bismuth, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 1.0mm, 100%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.05mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 2.0mm, 100%
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.002mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.05mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%
Bismuth, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.02mm, permanent polyester support, 99.97%