Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)

Joseph Lemire, Vasu D Appanna

PMID22099161

ABSTRACT

Aluminum (Al) has been implicated in a variety of neurological diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms that enable Al to be involved in these disorders have yet to be fully delineated. Using astrocytes as a model of the cerebral cellular system, we have uncovered the biochemical networks that are affected by Al toxicity. In this review, we reveal how the inhibitory influence of Al on ATP production and on mitochondrial functions help generate globular astrocytes that are fat producing machines. These biological events may be the contributing factors to Al-triggered brain disorders.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

326887

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 0.58 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

326941

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-8 mesh, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

266558

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

518573

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, granular, <1 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

IRMM523C

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm wire

IRMM523B

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm foil

11009

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, powder, ≥91% (complexometric)

433705

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

733369

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 8 μm, 99% trace metals basis

GF98718935

Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 1.0mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF68037723

Aluminum, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.30mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF71298546

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.063mm, annealed, 99.99%

GF20784360

Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 2.5mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF86733726

Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 15.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF82284408

Aluminum, microleaf disks, 25mm, thinness 0.15μm, specific density 41.28μg/cm², removable support, 99.999%

GF53821234

Aluminum, mesh, 900x900mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF53651796

Aluminum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 1.42mm, inside diameter 1.166mm, wall thickness 0.127mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF73255237

Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 20.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF95825403

Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 3.0mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF93280732

Aluminum, rod, 500mm, diameter 15.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF72709151

Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 28mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF84145462

Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 1.0μm, specific density 269.9μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%

GF27426944

Aluminum, insulated wire, 2m, conductor diameter 0.1mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyimide insulation, 99.95+%

GF14437975

Aluminum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.86mm, inside diameter 0.76mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF19654803

Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF16562246

Aluminum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.62mm, wall thickness 0.69mm, hard, 99.5%

GF28125390

Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.30mm, inside diameter 0.2mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF95990068

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.25mm, hard, 99.99+%

GF21896039

Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 12.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF40404574

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.5%