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Determination of the Juglone Content of Juglans regia Leaves by GC/MS.

Determination of the Juglone Content of Juglans regia Leaves by GC/MS.

Natural product communications (2015-09-29)

Irena Matławska, Wiesława Bylka, Ewa Widy-Tyszkiewicz, Beata Stanisz

ABSTRACT

The constituents of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves are represented by tannins, phenolics, and naphthoquinones, the characteristic compound being juglone. The content of juglone in the methanolic extract of the leaves determined by the GC/MS method was 9.9 ± 0.2 mg/100 g; small amounts (1.3 ± 0.02 mg/100 g) were recorded in the infusion, whereas in the decoction it was not detected. As some studies indicate toxicity of juglone, only decoctions should be recommended for therapeutic use.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Methanol, NMR reference standard

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrogen chloride solution, 3 M in cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME)

Sigma-Aldrich

Methanol, SAJ special grade

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid solution, 1 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.1 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 4 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid solution, 6 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 7 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Methanol, SAJ first grade, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 6 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Methanol, JIS 300, ≥99.8%, for residue analysis

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid solution, 12 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid solution, 0.2 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid solution, 0.05 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.01 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 1 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.05 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform, JIS 300, ≥99.0%, for residue analysis

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid, SAJ first grade, 35.0-37.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid solution, 0.02 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform, JIS special grade, ≥99.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform, SAJ super special grade, ≥99.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform, SAJ first grade, ≥99.0%, contains 0.4-0.8% ethanol

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.2 M

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide, SAJ first grade, ≥95.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform, suitable for HPLC

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide, BioUltra, for luminescence, ≥98.0% (T), pellets

Sigma-Aldrich

Sodium hydroxide solution, BioUltra, for molecular biology, 10 M in H₂O

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydrochloric acid solution, ~6 M in H₂O, for amino acid analysis

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%, contains amylenes as stabilizer