Optimizing treatment with topical tazarotene.

Tazarotene is a receptor-selective retinoid, which is efficacious in the treatment of patients with psoriasis, acne vulgaris, and photoaging. It normalizes keratinocyte differentiation, reverses keratinocyte hyperproliferation, and has anti-inflammatory effects. Clinical studies have shown that tazarotene 0.1% gel has greater comedolytic activity than tretinoin (Retin-A 0.025% gel, Retin-A Micro 0.1%) and adapalene (Differin) 0.1% gel. Although it is efficacious as monotherapy, tazarotene is more commonly used as part of combination therapy with a topical antibacterial in patients with acne vulgaris, and with a mid- or high-potency topical corticosteroid or with phototherapy in patients with psoriasis. Combination therapy enhances efficacy and tolerability. Tazarotene 0.1% gel, used in combination with mometasone furoate 0.1% cream, was shown in psoriasis clinical trials to be more efficacious than calcipotriene (calcipotriol) ointment used twice daily, or mometasone furoate 0.1% cream used twice daily. Use of tazarotene in conjunction with broad band UVB, narrow band UVB or bath psoralens + UVA (PUVA) results in greater efficacy than with phototherapy alone. Tazarotene should not be administered during pregnancy or in women who are not practicing adequate contraception. Adverse events consist primarily of irritation, peeling, erythema, dryness, burning, and itching. They are most common during the first 1-2 weeks of therapy and can be minimized with use of the cream formulation, alternate day application, short contact therapy, mild cleansers, and combination therapy.