[Study of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains resistant to antibiotics analyzed at "Cantacuzino" NIRDMI during 2006-2008].

The aim of the this study was the analysis of the resistance to antibiotics of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in last years. 328 S. pneumoniae strains, coming from blood, CSF tracheal aspirate (TA), or sputum, pleural fluid (PL) and other samples (ear and sinus fluid) isolated in 2006-2008, were analyzed at INCDMI "Cantacuzino", National Reference Center for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Strains were tested for susceptibility to by agar diution method (minimal inhibitory concentration-MIC) to the following antibiotics: penicillin (Pc), erythromycin (Em), cephalothin (Kf). cefuroxim (Cxm), cefotaxim (Ctx), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol (Sxt), ofloxacin (Ojx), amoxicillin (Amx). tetracycline (Te), cloramphenicol (Cm), vancomycin (Va). The analysis of the results was done according to CLSI 2009. Pneumococci strains isolated from blood, CSF, TA or sputum and PL showed lower resistance level to antibiotics (38.8% Pc, 9.3% Cxm. 4.1% Ctx, 2.7% Amx. 24% Em, 2.4% Ofx, 68% Sxt) against those isolated from ear ans sinus fluid which revealed high levels of resistance (70% Pc, 11.2 % Cxm, 5.9 % Ctx, 3.4% Amx, 58.4 % Em. 3.8% Ofx, 73% Sxt). Strains resistant to penicillin, isolated from blood and CSF revealed the following aspects: 17% low level of resistance and 11 % high level of resistance. CONCLUSIONS. The most efficient antibiotics were Ctx, Amx and Oft. A continuous surveillance of pneumococci strains resistant to antibiotics is needed, as well as the use of an pneumococcal efficient vaccine.