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Origin of the large dispersion of magnetic properties in nanostructured oxides: Fe(x)O/Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a case study.

Nanoscale (2015-01-21)
Marta Estrader, Alberto López-Ortega, Igor V Golosovsky, Sònia Estradé, Alejandro G Roca, German Salazar-Alvarez, Lluís López-Conesa, Dina Tobia, Elin Winkler, José D Ardisson, Waldemar A A Macedo, Andreas Morphis, Marianna Vasilakaki, Kalliopi N Trohidou, Arsen Gukasov, Isabelle Mirebeau, O L Makarova, Roberto D Zysler, Francesca Peiró, Maria Dolors Baró, Lennart Bergström, Josep Nogués
RÉSUMÉ

The intimate relationship between stoichiometry and physicochemical properties in transition-metal oxides makes them appealing as tunable materials. These features become exacerbated when dealing with nanostructures. However, due to the complexity of nanoscale materials, establishing a distinct relationship between structure-morphology and functionalities is often complicated. In this regard, in the FexO/Fe3O4 system a largely unexplained broad dispersion of magnetic properties has been observed. Here we show, thanks to a comprehensive multi-technique approach, a clear correlation between the magneto-structural properties in large (45 nm) and small (9 nm) FexO/Fe3O4 core/shell nanoparticles that can explain the spread of magnetic behaviors. The results reveal that while the FexO core in the large nanoparticles is antiferromagnetic and has bulk-like stoichiometry and unit-cell parameters, the FexO core in the small particles is highly non-stoichiometric and strained, displaying no significant antiferromagnetism. These results highlight the importance of ample characterization to fully understand the properties of nanostructured metal oxides.

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