Hyperbaric oxygen may improve vascular endothelial function in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation.

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy improves myocardial function and reduces clinical restenosis in coronary arteries. This study aims to evaluate whether the HBO2 therapy can improve vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. The retrospective study included 115 patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. Patients receiving HBO2 therapy were included in the HBO2 group (n=55) and those without HBO2 therapy were included as controls (n=60). The levels of brachial artery endothelial-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD), endothelial-independent nitrate-mediated dilatation (NMD), nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1(ET-1), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were used to evaluate vascular endothelial function. There were no significant differences with regard to the above parameters at baseline in either group (p⟩0.05). In both the HBO2 and control groups the levels of FMD, NO and CGRP after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (p⟨0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and ET-1 after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (p⟨0.05). After treatment, the levels of FMD, NO and CGRP in the HBO2 group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p⟨0.05), whereas the hs-CRP and ET-1 levels were significantly lower than those of the control group (p⟨0.05). Using HBO2 therapy as an adjunct treatment in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation may significantly improve vascular endothelial function. HBO2 therapy may have the potential to alter the course of coronary artery disease in the future. Further randomized, multicenter, prospective studies are needed.