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[2Fe-2S] cluster transfer in iron-sulfur protein biogenesis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2014-04-16)
Lucia Banci, Diego Brancaccio, Simone Ciofi-Baffoni, Rebecca Del Conte, Ravisekhar Gadepalli, Maciej Mikolajczyk, Sara Neri, Mario Piccioli, Julia Winkelmann
ABSTRACT

Monothiol glutaredoxins play a crucial role in iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein biogenesis. Essentially all of them can coordinate a [2Fe-2S] cluster and have been proposed to mediate the transfer of [2Fe-2S] clusters from scaffold proteins to target apo proteins, possibly by acting as cluster transfer proteins. The molecular basis of [2Fe-2S] cluster transfer from monothiol glutaredoxins to target proteins is a fundamental, but still unresolved, aspect to be defined in Fe/S protein biogenesis. In mitochondria monothiol glutaredoxin 5 (GRX5) is involved in the maturation of all cellular Fe/S proteins and participates in cellular iron regulation. Here we show that the structural plasticity of the dimeric state of the [2Fe-2S] bound form of human GRX5 (holo hGRX5) is the crucial factor that allows an efficient cluster transfer to the partner proteins human ISCA1 and ISCA2 by a specific protein-protein recognition mechanism. Holo hGRX5 works as a metallochaperone preventing the [2Fe-2S] cluster to be released in solution in the presence of physiological concentrations of glutathione and forming a transient, cluster-mediated protein-protein intermediate with two physiological protein partners receiving the [2Fe-2S] cluster. The cluster transfer mechanism defined here may extend to other mitochondrial [2Fe-2S] target proteins.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Iron, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.001mm, 99.85%
Iron, foil, 20m coil, thickness 0.038mm, hard, 99.5%
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Iron, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.9mm, as rolled, 99.5%
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Iron, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 99.85%