Micro and nano MgO particles for the improvement of fracture toughness of bone-cement interfaces.

The objective of this study was to determine whether inclusion of magnesium oxide (MgO) in micro and nanoparticulate forms in poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement has any influence on the fracture toughness of bone-cement interfaces. An interfacial fracture mechanics technique was used to compare the values of fracture toughness (KIC) among bone-PMMA, bone-PMMA with micro MgO particles and bone-PMMA with nano MgO particles interfaces. This study found that the values of KIC of bone-PMMA with micro MgO particles and bone-PMMA with nano MgO particles interfaces were significantly higher when compared to the values of KIC of the bone-PMMA interface (p<0.0001). Results indicated that the addition of the micro and nano MgO particles to PMMA improved the quality of bone-cement union.