Cobalt: its role in health and disease.

Cobalt: its role in health and disease.

Metal ions in life sciences (2014-01-29)

Kazuhiro Yamada

ABSTRACT

The primarily function of cobalt in humans is based on its role in cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12). Therefore, this chapter will focus on the physiological roles of Cbl and the importance of cobalt in human health. Cbl acts as the cofactor for two enzymes, i.e., methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and methionine synthase, in humans. Both enzymes are important for health. In addition, unlike other water-soluble vitamins, there is a unique absorption, delivery, and activation system for Cbl in mammals. Therefore, this chapter will also review the literature on the Cbl transporting system, which is crucial for Cbl function.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

266647

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, powder, <150 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

266701

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.995% trace metals basis

266639

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, powder, 2 μm particle size, 99.8% trace metals basis

398810

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, rod, diam. 5.0 mm, 99.95% trace metals basis

326380

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, ≥99.99%

356891

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.95% trace metals basis

356867

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, 99.95% trace metals basis

203076

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, granular, 99.99% trace metals basis

266655

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, pieces, 99.5% trace metals basis

697745

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, Carbon coated magnetic, nanopowder, <50 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99%

GF39895273

Cobalt, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF88007564

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.02mm, 99.9%

GF46475220

Cobalt, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.05mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF45144985

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.007mm, 99.9%

GF23791620

Cobalt, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.05mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF15401135

Cobalt, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF30716153

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

GF31361835

Cobalt, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.05mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF08123723

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF23494608

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.009mm, 99.9%

GF34640333

Cobalt, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 1.0mm, hard, 99.99+%

GF84130792

Cobalt, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, 99.9%

GF71622301

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.0025mm, temporary acrylic support, 99.9%

GF13817516

Cobalt, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.015mm, 99.9%

GF49928956

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF94077962

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.9%

GF13124146

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.02mm, 99.9%

GF31168122

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.9%

GF63298198

Cobalt, wire reel, 0.05m, diameter 2.0mm, hard, 99.99+%

GF30616668

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.002mm, temporary acrylic support, 99.9%