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  • All-Electrical Ca2+-Independent Signal Transduction Mediates Attractive Sodium Taste in Taste Buds.

All-Electrical Ca2+-Independent Signal Transduction Mediates Attractive Sodium Taste in Taste Buds.

Neuron (2020-04-02)
Kengo Nomura, Miho Nakanishi, Fumiyoshi Ishidate, Kazumi Iwata, Akiyuki Taruno
ABSTRACT

Sodium taste regulates salt intake. The amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is the Na+ sensor in taste cells mediating attraction to sodium salts. However, cells and intracellular signaling underlying sodium taste in taste buds remain long-standing enigmas. Here, we show that a subset of taste cells with ENaC activity fire action potentials in response to ENaC-mediated Na+ influx without changing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and form a channel synapse with afferent neurons involving the voltage-gated neurotransmitter-release channel composed of calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) and CALHM3 (CALHM1/3). Genetic elimination of ENaC in CALHM1-expressing cells as well as global CALHM3 deletion abolished amiloride-sensitive neural responses and attenuated behavioral attraction to NaCl. Together, sodium taste is mediated by cells expressing ENaC and CALHM1/3, where oral Na+ entry elicits suprathreshold depolarization for action potentials driving voltage-dependent neurotransmission via the channel synapse. Thus, all steps in sodium taste signaling are voltage driven and independent of Ca2+ signals. This work also reveals ENaC-independent salt attraction.

MATERIALS
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Brand
Product Description

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